Chemical elements
  Zinc
    Isotopes
    Energy
    Production
    Application
    PDB 12ca-1ai0
    PDB 1aiy-1b6z
    PDB 1b71-1bs8
    PDB 1bsk-1cao
    PDB 1caq-1ctt
    PDB 1ctu-1de6
    PDB 1def-1dy0
    PDB 1dy1-1ed6
    PDB 1ed8-1exk
    PDB 1eyf-1fj9
    PDB 1fjg-1g0e
    PDB 1g0f-1gkq
    PDB 1gkr-1ha5
    PDB 1hbm-1hso
    PDB 1hsz-1i6v
    PDB 1i73-1im5
    PDB 1iml-1jcv
    PDB 1jcz-1jy8
    PDB 1jyb-1kh4
    PDB 1kh5-1kys
    PDB 1kzo-1llm
    PDB 1llu-1m7j
    PDB 1m9j-1mwo
    PDB 1mwq-1ndv
    PDB 1ndw-1nyq
    PDB 1nyr-1os4
    PDB 1os9-1p9w
    PDB 1paa-1pud
    PDB 1pv8-1q9l
    PDB 1q9m-1qv6
    PDB 1qv7-1r6o
    PDB 1r79-1ro9
    PDB 1ror-1sfo
    PDB 1sg0-1t3k
    PDB 1t4k-1tkh
    PDB 1tkj-1u0l
    PDB 1u10-1ums
    PDB 1umt-1v67
    PDB 1v6g-1vrq
    PDB 1vs0-1wew
    PDB 1wfe-1wwf
    PDB 1wwg-1xb1
    PDB 1xb8-1xpz
    PDB 1xq0-1y5w
    PDB 1y5x-1ylk
    PDB 1ylo-1z8r
    PDB 1z93-1zkx
    PDB 1zl6-258l
    PDB 2a03-2afo
    PDB 2afs-2atq
    PDB 2au3-2bfz
    PDB 2bg2-2c3a
    PDB 2c4r-2cij
    PDB 2cim-2czr
    PDB 2d0w-2djw
    PDB 2dkc-2e1b
    PDB 2e1s-2eer
    PDB 2eex-2em4
    PDB 2em5-2eoj
    PDB 2eok-2erq
    PDB 2esf-2fa7
    PDB 2fac-2fpx
    PDB 2fqp-2g84
    PDB 2g87-2gvf
    PDB 2gvi-2han
    PDB 2hap-2huc
    PDB 2hue-2imc
    PDB 2imr-2j65
    PDB 2j6a-2jq5
    PDB 2jr7-2kfn
    PDB 2kft-2l75
    PDB 2nl9-2nz0
    PDB 2nz9-2ogj
    PDB 2ogw-2ouy
    PDB 2ov3-2pf4
    PDB 2pg3-2ptx
    PDB 2pty-2qdt
    PDB 2qee-2qr2
    PDB 2qra-2rb4
    PDB 2rc4-2uur
    PDB 2uvl-2v9k
    PDB 2v9l-2vqo
    PDB 2vqq-2w3z
    PDB 2w44-2whk
    PDB 2whm-2wzn
    PDB 2x0u-2xdd
    PDB 2xdt-2y1h
    PDB 2y33-2yuc
    PDB 2yur-2z7z
    PDB 2z8d-2znr
    PDB 2znv-3a9k
    PDB 3a9l-3b4n
    PDB 3b4r-3boo
    PDB 3bp8-3c8a
    PDB 3c8b-3cqq
    PDB 3cqz-3d5a
    PDB 3d5c-3dfx
    PDB 3dgd-3dvc
    PDB 3dvd-3e50
    PDB 3e6u-3eh2
    PDB 3ehv-3exl
    PDB 3eyd-3f9o
    PDB 3fai-3fq9
    PDB 3fqm-3g4g
    PDB 3g4h-3gj3
    PDB 3gj4-3guc
    PDB 3gug-3h90
    PDB 3h97-3hmv
    PDB 3hn8-3hy9
    PDB 3hyg-3idz
    PDB 3ie0-3iov
    PDB 3iow-3jwr
    PDB 3jws-3kbp
    PDB 3kde-3knm
    PDB 3knn-3l1v
    PDB 3l22-3ljz
    PDB 3lk8-3lve
    PDB 3lvq-3m5l
    PDB 3m5m-3mjm
    PDB 3mjn-3n1p
    PDB 3n1q-3na7
    PDB 3na9-3nlu
    PDB 3nlv-3o94
    PDB 3o97-3orb
    PDB 3orj-3p7u
    PDB 3p7v-3pys
    PDB 3pyu-4tmn
    PDB 4tss-8rnt
    PDB 8tli-9nse

Element Zinc, Zn, Transition Metal


History

Humanity was familiar with the manufacture of brass from ancient ages. However the metal zinc was not was known. Instead of it Phrygian ash, used for healing sore eyes, was mentioned in the Ebers papyrus from about 1552 BC, the oldest preserved medical document. Brass is known probably since 2 century BC. In Europe it is produced since year 1400 AD. Smelting and extraction of metal zinc was accomplished perhaps since XII century AD in India. Several hypotheses exist about the origin of the name "zinc". Some of scientists suppose that it may also be derived from Persian sing for stone. A Lexicon of Alchemy by Martin Ruland (Martinus Rulandus the Elder) defines zinc as metallic marcasite, a mixture of four elements. By another, less credible version the name derives from ancient or medieval German Zinco or Zinke = sharp point. Some suppose a relation with Zinn, the German word for Tin.

Zinc belongs to the Transition metals family.

Occurrence

Average crustal abundance of zinc is 8.3x10-3 mass %. In basic igneous rocks its abundance slightly bigger than in the acidic ones: 1.3x10-2% vs. 6x10-3%. This chalcophilic element is, nevertheless, found in 66 rocks, the most important of them are zincite, sphalerite, willemite, calamine, smithsonite and franklinite ZnFe2O4. Zinc is a very active aquatic migrant, especially in thermal waters with accompanied by Lead from which commercially important zinc sulphides are settled out. Zinc actively migrates also in surface and underground waters, settled out by H2S or, in a less degree, by clay sorption.

Zinc is an essential element, necessary for sustaining all life. A grown-up human body contains 2 g of zinc. Despite zinc-containing enzymes are omnipresent, its actual concentration is so small, that its importance was fully understood only 100 years ago. Its significant role is based on the fact that zinc may be found in more than 40 essential enzymes. It catalyzes hydrolysis peptides, proteins, some esters and aldehydes. The most important of them are carboxypeptidase A and carbonic anhydrase.

Zinc contributes to carbohydrate metabolism via insulin and activates vitamin A in the organism. It plays noticeable role for bone formation as well as for its antivirus and antitoxic activity.

Neighbours



Chemical Elements

12Mg
24.3
Magnesium
13Al
27.0
Aluminium
29Cu
63.5
Copper
30Zn
65.4
Zinc
31Ga
69.7
Gallium
47Ag
107.9
Silver
48Cd
112.4
Cadmium
49In
114.8
Indium

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